This study investigates the dynamic response of residential buildings subjected to ground vibrations from opencast mining activities. Using ABAQUS/Explicit, two structural models were developed to simulate the response of a two-story residential building under blast-induced vibrations. The first model represents a single-bay frame structure, while the second model represents a double-bay frame structure. The ground vibrations were simulated using velocity time series data, and the dynamic response was analyzed with a focus on load–displacement behavior, energy dissipation, and stiffness degradation. Results indicate that the double-bay frame model exhibits larger hysteresis loops, indicating higher energy dissipation and greater flexibility compared to the single-bay frame model. However, this increased flexibility also results in higher displacements and potential structural vulnerabilities. Comparative analysis revealed that while the double-bay frame can absorb more energy, it also undergoes more significant stiffness degradation and higher peak displacements, suggesting a trade-off between energy dissipation and structural stability. These findings underscore the importance of considering both global structural responses and localized damage when designing residential buildings in mining areas. The study highlights the need for tailored structural health monitoring and rehabilitation strategies to mitigate the effects of dynamic loads from blasting activities, ensuring the safety and durability of structures in such environments. This research contributes to the development of effective practices for managing structural risks associated with mining-induced ground vibrations.