Laying Aggregate Quarries Along a Dam Axis in Himalayan Terrain—Equipment Selection and Slope Stability Investigation
摘要
The population of Dehradun, a city in India, has increased by 32% in the past decade due to a migration of people from the surrounding hills to the valley in pursuit of improved amenities. The Uttarakhand Government intends to build a gravity dam measuring 130 m in height at geographical coordinates of longitude 78°11′30” East and latitude 30°18′08” North on the Song River. This dam is being constructed to meet the growing water requirements. In view of project economic feasibility and considerations, the implementing agencies have decided to quarry 1.8 million cubic metres of aggregates (construction materials) from the hills located adjacent to the dam axis considering project financials and unavailability of construction aggregates. Three quarries sites in the adjacency of dam axis have been selected for excavating the required volume of aggregates. Quarry 1, Quarry 2 and Quarry 3 with approximately heights of 75, 114 and 70 m were earmarked for excavation. The present study suggests quarrying and blasting strategy for efficiently and safely extracting the required volume of rock while maintaining the stability of the slopes. The stability analysis of the quarry slopes has been verified unit’s numerical simulation. The proposal suggests excavating the slopes using benches having height of 10 m, width of 6.5 m, an inter-bench angle of 80° and an overall angle of 50°. The study provides detailed information on the equipment, explosives and blasting accessories required for quarries the targeted volume of aggregates within the specified time-frame.