This chapter explores the cultural foundations of industrial powerhouses, arguing that core competition among nations ultimately hinges on culture. It analyzes four key examples: Britain (Renaissance, Scientific Revolution, and later gentlemanly culture), Germany (Protestant ethic, philosophy, standardization, and vocational education), the United States (immigrant culture, pragmatism, innovation, and IP laws), and Japan (East-West cultural fusion, dedication, and lean spirit). The findings highlight that ideological-cultural roots, institutional innovation, and industrial spirit (craftsmanship and entrepreneurship) are decisive for building industrial powerhouses. Cultural adaptability, continuity, and alignment with industrial needs are identified as core drivers of long-term competitiveness.