This study assesses the impact of blockchain technology on the traceability of green products in luxury hotels and examines the mediating role of corporate social responsibility (CSR) awareness in this relationship. Research data were collected from 439 luxury hotels in southeastern Vietnam. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was applied to test the theoretical model and evaluate the relationships between the variables. The results indicate that blockchain technology has a significantly positive impact on the traceability of green products and plays a crucial role in enhancing hotels’ operational performance. Specifically, CSR awareness acts as a significant mediator in this relationship, because luxury hotels with a high level of social responsibility awareness are more likely to adopt blockchain to enhance supply chain transparency, thereby improving operational efficiency and strengthening brand reputation. Key recommendations were provided based on the research findings. First, luxury hotels should view blockchain as a critical strategic tool to optimize the traceability of green products, meet market demands for sustainable development, and increase their competitive advantage. Second, enhancing CSR awareness in luxury hotels not only helps maximize the benefits of blockchain but also promotes more responsible and sustainable business practices.