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Solar energy is one of the most effective and promising options to harvest in sustainable manner among several renewable energy sources. The generation of the hydrogen and oxygen using the solar light to split water is the prominent way to harvest the solar energy and use hydrogen as the fuel. However, the development of cost-effective and efficient hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution catalysts has been a challenge. Noble metal groups are efficient catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) but economically not viable for the commercial application. There has been an interest to develop the transition metal based electrocatalysts for the photoelectrochemical (PEC) splitting of water and BiVO4 is one of the good candidates for that purpose and the present chapter has focused on this material. The theoretical efficiency of BiVO4 is ~ 9%; however, their poor catalytic activity, short hole diffusion length, and fast charge recombination processes are the main deciding factors, which limit their commercial application. The main motivation of this chapter is to discuss the possible way to improve the catalytic efficiency of BiVO4-based catalytic system through doping, heterojunction formation, improvement in the synthesis protocols, use of co-catalysts, etc. The detrimental effect of the photocorrosion and its retardation due to the use of protective TiO2nano films has also been addressed. Overall, the improvement in the performance of the photoanodes has been discussed taking some the important perspective of the modifications in the BiVO4 system with future perspective.

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Development of Anodes in Photoelectrochemical Splitting of Water: Role of Co-catalyst and Post-synthesis Treatments

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Sudipa Manna,
  • Abhishek Sharma,
  • Ashis Kumar Satpati,
  • Chandra Nath Patra,
  • Avesh Kumar Tyagi

摘要

Solar energy is one of the most effective and promising options to harvest in sustainable manner among several renewable energy sources. The generation of the hydrogen and oxygen using the solar light to split water is the prominent way to harvest the solar energy and use hydrogen as the fuel. However, the development of cost-effective and efficient hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution catalysts has been a challenge. Noble metal groups are efficient catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) but economically not viable for the commercial application. There has been an interest to develop the transition metal based electrocatalysts for the photoelectrochemical (PEC) splitting of water and BiVO4 is one of the good candidates for that purpose and the present chapter has focused on this material. The theoretical efficiency of BiVO4 is ~ 9%; however, their poor catalytic activity, short hole diffusion length, and fast charge recombination processes are the main deciding factors, which limit their commercial application. The main motivation of this chapter is to discuss the possible way to improve the catalytic efficiency of BiVO4-based catalytic system through doping, heterojunction formation, improvement in the synthesis protocols, use of co-catalysts, etc. The detrimental effect of the photocorrosion and its retardation due to the use of protective TiO2nano films has also been addressed. Overall, the improvement in the performance of the photoanodes has been discussed taking some the important perspective of the modifications in the BiVO4 system with future perspective.