This chapter examines climate change resilience in India and Japan, two countries with distinct environmental, demographic, and socio-economic contexts yet facing shared vulnerabilities from rising temperatures, erratic weather, and escalating disasters. It conceptualises resilience as the capacity of people, economies, and ecosystems to anticipate, absorb, and adapt to climate shocks, highlighting the interconnectedness of mitigation and adaptation. India’s resilience strategies centre on community-driven initiatives, agricultural adaptation, water management, renewable energy, and nature-based solutions, supported by large-scale programmes such as dam rehabilitation, groundwater management, and mangrove restoration. Japan’s approach emphasises technological innovation, infrastructural preparedness, early warning systems, and policy frameworks that engage local governments and citizens. The chapter traces the evolution of resilience discourse globally and situates it within pathways of risk assessment, awareness-raising, governance, and financing. By showcasing sector-specific interventions across agriculture, water, energy, health, and urban systems, it underscores the role of multi-stakeholder engagement, gender-sensitive policies, and international cooperation. The comparative analysis of India and Japan demonstrates how diverse strategies—ranging from grassroots action to advanced technological solutions—can provide mutual learning and global insights. Ultimately, the chapter argues that resilient futures require integrated, inclusive, and scalable approaches linking local innovation with global frameworks.