This chapter lays out the intention of the book. It states several of the opportunities of biodegradable materials, especially the aspect of sustainability, which is a concern of many other material options, especially thermoplastics. It then proposes possibilities and opportunities of 3D printing, a manufacturing methodology that still offers exciting areas of progress and development. Based on those, it sets out the potential benefits of 3D printing with biodegradable materials. The chapter then gives a brief overview of the individual chapters, grouped by the Introduction, Materials and Methods, and Applications. It then concludes with an overview of the ongoing and future work in the field of 3D printing with biodegradable materials.