This research aims to investigate and assess the degree of awareness among university students about artificial intelligence (AI) in sustainable development. A quantitative research method was applied, with data collected from 128 students at universities in Can Tho, Vietnam. The research uses IBM SPSS version 30 software to identify trends, relationships, and key insights. The results reveal that students understand how important artificial intelligence is for supporting sustainable development, especially in areas like manufacturing, healthcare, education, and smart cities. However, their understanding of artificial intelligence applications in natural disaster forecasting remains limited, indicating a need for increased awareness in this area. Students express concerns about artificial intelligence potentially replacing human labor and exacerbating inequality, highlighting the significance of ethical considerations and social accountability in the development of AI. Despite these concerns, they show a strong desire to understand artificial intelligence, participate in activities connected to it, and think education ought to combine technology with sustainable development goals. The results highlight that students can be important players in digital change and new ideas. With the right knowledge, skills, and critical thinking, they can make a meaningful impact on broader development in today’s digital age, leading to a more equitable and long-lasting future.