Unilateral biportal endoscopic (UBE) decompression is a minimally invasive technique for treating degenerative lumbar stenosis. This method minimizes damage to normal lumbar structures while removing pathological lesions, enabling rapid patient recovery. This study aims to explore the UBE technique for treating spinal stenosis, focusing on preoperative preparation, surgical landmarks, procedural steps, and precautions. We will examine patient positioning, portal creation, and endoscopic visualization techniques. The decompression process, including laminectomy and flavectomy, will be detailed. Additionally, we will discuss the importance of maintaining proper saline irrigation pressure and strategies for complication avoidance. By understanding these aspects, surgeons can effectively utilize UBE for safe and efficient spinal stenosis treatment.