Salinity stress has a substantial impact on crop output, especially in hydroponic systems where nutrient solution stability is critical. Several strategies have been tested to reduce the negative effects of salinity on crops. These include bio-stimulants, genetic, and molecular methods, and nutrient solution optimisation. Bio-stimulants such as, amino acids, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), fulvic acid, and chitosan have showed potential in improving crop salinity tolerance. Under saline conditions, these bio-stimulants enhance physiological, biochemical, and agronomical responses, resulting in higher production and improved plant health. Genetic and molecular interventions aim to harness agricultural genetic heterogeneity and create salinity-tolerant crop plants. Advances in sequence-based breeding and functional genomics have revealed novel genetic variations that control salinity tolerance, providing long-term solutions for salt stress reduction. Another successful tactic in hydroponic systems is to optimise nutrient solutions. Maintaining crop productivity in saline environments requires careful control of electrical conductivity, pH, and water quality to guarantee nutrient uptake and avoid contamination. In conclusion, crop yield in hydroponic systems under salt stress can be greatly increased by combining bio-stimulants, genetic and molecular techniques, and optimised nutrient solutions. These initiatives provide economical and long-lasting answers to the problems caused by salinity in agriculture. This book chapter will provide a complete summary of the current strategies used to alleviate salt stress in hydroponic systems. By investigating the efficacy of these tactics, proposing topics for future research, and emphasising the practical applicability of these treatments.

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Salinity Stress Interventions for Crop Productivity in Hydroponics

  • Shiv Rattan

摘要

Salinity stress has a substantial impact on crop output, especially in hydroponic systems where nutrient solution stability is critical. Several strategies have been tested to reduce the negative effects of salinity on crops. These include bio-stimulants, genetic, and molecular methods, and nutrient solution optimisation. Bio-stimulants such as, amino acids, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), fulvic acid, and chitosan have showed potential in improving crop salinity tolerance. Under saline conditions, these bio-stimulants enhance physiological, biochemical, and agronomical responses, resulting in higher production and improved plant health. Genetic and molecular interventions aim to harness agricultural genetic heterogeneity and create salinity-tolerant crop plants. Advances in sequence-based breeding and functional genomics have revealed novel genetic variations that control salinity tolerance, providing long-term solutions for salt stress reduction. Another successful tactic in hydroponic systems is to optimise nutrient solutions. Maintaining crop productivity in saline environments requires careful control of electrical conductivity, pH, and water quality to guarantee nutrient uptake and avoid contamination. In conclusion, crop yield in hydroponic systems under salt stress can be greatly increased by combining bio-stimulants, genetic and molecular techniques, and optimised nutrient solutions. These initiatives provide economical and long-lasting answers to the problems caused by salinity in agriculture. This book chapter will provide a complete summary of the current strategies used to alleviate salt stress in hydroponic systems. By investigating the efficacy of these tactics, proposing topics for future research, and emphasising the practical applicability of these treatments.