This chapter gives a brief overview of the background and significance of the research, the research content and the contributions of this chapter. This research focuses on the following seven specific issues: first, the legal bases of provisional measures in investor-State arbitration; second, the purpose of provisional measures; third, the categories of provisional measures; fourth, the relationship between provisional measures and parallel proceedings; fifth, the authority to grant provisional measures; sixth, the requirements for granting provisional measures; and seventh, the enforcement of provisional measures.