In this chapter, we discuss how the concept of biomarkers will change the way neurodegenerative diseases are diagnosed, stratified, and treated, and how neuroinflammatory disorders and integrated autophagy insights can be considered in personalizing treatment. The symptom-based methods can be ineffective in treating diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease since they do not consider the biological variability of diseases. Fluid-based biomarkers and neuroimaging can detect diseases earlier and track changes over time. The molecular subtyping and personalized intervention are achievable through a multi-omics strategy. The increased efficacy to track disease in real-time and precision of therapies are possible with the advent of new technologies like artificial intelligence-based analytics, CRISPR-based diagnostics, and wearable biosensors. To further the goals of equitable solutions and being potentially scalable, some of the tools of the next generation, such as liquid biopsies and nanotech sensors, are promising, despite barriers to validation, control, and access globally. Filling the gaps between biological knowledge and clinical use, biomarkers are at the center of a precision medicine age, which allows the practice of pre-symptomatic treatment and disease-modifying treatments. This chapter highlights how such collaboration needs to offset biomarker innovations into patient-specific care pathways accessible to patients to make a difference in the outcomes of the neurodegenerative diseases.