The Humanistic Implications of Sun Ma Sze-tsang’s (Tang Wing-cheung, 1916–1997) Singing Styles: Inheritance and Innovation in Cantonese Opera Vocal Traditions
摘要
In Cantonese opera, performers use highly stylized “singing styles,” which are characterized by distinct melodic structures and vocal techniques. This study focuses on the vocal style of Sun Ma Sze-tsang (Tang Wing-cheung, 1916–1997), a renowned Wenwusheng (civil and martial male role) performer, whose style (hereafter referred to as the Sun Ma Style) is widely recognized for its distinctive and idiosyncratic qualities. Most studies of the Sun Ma Style analyze the relevant musical transcriptions. In contrast, this study adopts a humanistic perspective, exploring the aesthetic and expressive dimensions underlying the style’s technical characteristics and examining the humanistic implications of different singing styles. In doing so, it seeks to reflect on the roles of inheritance and innovation in the vocal traditions of Cantonese opera. This chapter proposes that through their vocal performance, actors not only embody the characters they portray but also reveal their own innate sensibilities, life experiences, and temperament. A singing style, therefore, is not merely an artistic form but also an expression of individuality. Thus, inheriting a vocal tradition does not consist of mechanically following melodies and techniques, but in manifesting one’s own personality within the traditional framework. When such individuality matures and finds full expression, it may lead to the creation of new vocal styles and even innovation in the art form.