Tripod: Structural Changes in the Global Value Chain
摘要
This chapter analyzes the profound structural transformation of the Global Value Chain (GVC) from a US-centric system at the turn of the century to an emergent tripod structure by 2019. Utilizing trade, production, and consumption network analyses, it demonstrates that the global economic fundament has evolved into three distinct regional hubs: a North American network centered on the United States, a European network centered on Germany, and an Asian network centered on China. This shift was primarily driven by market forces, regional factor endowments, and the dynamics of globalization, fundamentally altering the world's economic landscape and setting the stage for potential realignments in the global superstructure of monetary and governance systems.