The illegal Wildlife Trade (IWT) is a lucrative industry. Similar to illegal drugs and weapons, wildlife and animal parts are trafficked by deadly cross-border networks. It is nearly impossible to get accurate estimates of the trade’s worth due to its elusive nature. An estimated billions of dollars are involved. It seriously jeopardizes public and global security as well as biodiversity. With the advent of digital age, the traditional wildlife trade is quickly embracing new technology as a medium. The chapter addresses how e-commerce presents significant difficulties for law enforcement since it facilitates purchases and sales of criminals. Wildlife products are being traded over social networking sites and e-commerce sites like Facebook, Instagram, Amazon, OLX and eBay, where maintaining anonymity is easier. Further, scale, scope and available statistics of illegal wildlife trade have been discussed across countries. The chapter also presents the factors supporting the emergence of India as a major hotspot of illegal wildlife trading activities. Factors encompassing heightened demand include traditional medicines, luxury goods and exotic pets; such utilization of wildlife products in cultural or religious rituals and facilitated transportation. Authors also discuss how the technology that have helped criminals in the illegal activities, can also be used to identify and curb wildlife crime in collaboration with enforcement agencies with social networking sites. Innovative tools for surveillance and intervention can be developed using social media mining and machine learning. Incorporating societal consciousness, technical innovation, adaptability, policies, and international cooperation are all necessary to ensure the protection of wildlife.