Gears are commonly utilized in marine transmission systems because of their fast rotational speed and heavy load, which can readily create traveling wave resonance. Adding a damping ring to the gear to reduce vibration is an efficient way to improve the vibration performance of gears. The damping ring is inserted into a groove that has been opened inside the wheel rim to create friction and energy consumption. Based on the energy method, equivalent parameter models of the damping ring are established, the structure is simplified into amplitude-dependent equivalent parameters, and amplitude frequency response analysis under steady-state response is conducted. Analyze the vibration reduction effect of the damping ring under different influencing factors. Study how the geometric parameters of the damping ring affect the vibration performance. Optimize the damping ring's structural characteristics to achieve the optimal contact pressure under diametral pitch vibration, and determine the damping ring parameters with the best vibration reduction effect. The results indicate that the optimized damping ring has a resonance stress reduction ratio of about 50%.