This chapter examines the intricate relationship between food insecurity, food security, and food safety within the global food system. It investigates whether these concepts are interchangeable or if food safety constitutes an integral component of food security. This clarification is crucial for analyzing contemporary international food law and understanding whether its primary focus lies in building food security or ensuring food safety. A comprehensive understanding of these key terms is essential for effective food policy interventions, as it facilitates the identification of targeted issues and the development of appropriate solutions.