Traditional Ecological Knowledge and Gathering of Wild Mushrooms in Nepal Himalaya: Localizing the Implementation of the SDGs
摘要
Nepal, a signatory nation of the United Nations (UN), has endorsed 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and began to reorient policy priorities, set targets, develop a roadmap, and firmly commit to pursuing and achieving the Global Goals by 2030. Among the various forms of life, wild mushrooms are an important part of the terrestrial ecosystem, known for their multifaceted values (culinary, medicinal, trade, and aesthetic) among most of the indigenous peoples and local communities (IPLCs) in Nepal. Here, we describe significant linkages between UN-SDGs, and wild mushrooms in a Nepal’s context directly related to Zero hunger (SDG 2), Good health and well-being (SDG 3), Quality education (SDG 4), Decent work and economic growth (SDG 8), Responsible consumption and production (SDG 12), Climate action (SDG 13), and Life on land (SDG 15). Nepal is home to 142 ethnic groups inhabiting different parts of the extremely heterogeneous landscape. Linkage to ethnicity, gender, and local tradition is crucial for understanding this complex relationship between wild mushrooms and local communities. Therefore, we recommend partnerships among international and national bodies, together with citizen scientists, to enhance knowledge, resources, and skills on mycological understanding among local stakeholders, and to re-emphasize the process of SDGs localization.