The management of case-involved property is a crucial component of the judicial, prosecutorial, and public security sectors. Ensuring the security, transparency, and compliance of property management is of paramount importance. However, traditional management systems face issues such as data tampering, information leakage, and inflexible access control. Blockchain technology, with its decentralized, tamper-proof, and transparent characteristics, offers an innovative solution to address these problems. This paper analyzes the current status and challenges of traditional case-involved property management, examines the issues associated with blockchain-based property management, and summarizes the features of current access control technologies. Based on attributes and roles, a dual-layer access control model combining internal and external mechanisms is proposed, aiming to enhance the flexibility and accuracy of access control while strengthening privacy protection. This access control mechanism can effectively prevent unauthorized access, ensure data privacy, and improve the transparency and traceability of the system. Additionally, this paper explores the integration of privacy protection technologies and access control mechanisms, as well as the potential for cross-departmental collaboration and information sharing, and anticipates the prospects of future technological optimizations. The research provides theoretical support and technical references for the application of blockchain in case-involved property management, with significant practical implications.