With more and more hazards occurred recently, some hazards have even caused severe impacts on nuclear power plants (NPPs) safe and stable operation. After Fukushima Nuclear Accident in Japan, hazard protection has become more and more important to NPPs owners and national regulatory body. Due to complex mechanism and consequence to the NPP caused by hazards, and expensive protection cost arising from the protection measures, it is very necessary to consider these hazards impacts carefully from the early stage of NPP design and propose reasonable and effective measures against them. HPR1000 as the first Generation-III reactor technology developed by China independently, has big differences in hazards design compared with CPR1000. In the design process, it faces a lot of challenges, such as lack of enough available good practices from other NPPs, higher safety goals, stricter regulation, not well-established codes and standards system in hazards design, etc. Through investigation and research, this work initiates a new concept in China for hazards design, which is called As Low as Reasonably Practicable (ALARP). To better explain how to use ALARP in optioneering, two typical cases occurring in HPR1000 hazards design are presented as examples to explain how ALARP method is applied to get the best solution. Finally, it points out some shortcomings in our current hazard design codes and standards system. And suggests to apply ALARP concept in the design process. This method has been applied in some scenarios of HPR1000 hazards design, and obtain notable benefit–cost balance. It is worthy applying in the future hazards design.