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The Ascorbate–Glutathione (AsA–GSH) cycle plays a critical role in plant defense against oxidative damage from stress conditions of high temperature. Excess generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the form of superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals can cause extensive damage to cellular macromolecules. The cycle above utilizes key antioxidants such as glutathione (GSH) and ascorbate (AsA) and enzymes such as dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), glutathione reductase (GR), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). The ascorbate molecule plays the role of a direct reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger, whereas the enzyme APX, along with ascorbate, catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide to water. Restoration of the active form of ascorbate (DHA) involves the utilization of DHAR to reduce it to its reduced form from its oxidized form, along with oxidized GSH (GSSG), which is again reduced to its reduced form by the enzyme GR. Ongoing replenishment of active antioxidants is essential to ensure effective defense against reactive oxygen species (ROS), particularly in the case of prolonged exposure to high-temperature stress. Interestingly, however, it has been determined that the activity of these enzymes can be affected by heat stress, which has the potential to shift the dynamics of the AsA-GSH cycle. The current chapter explains the mechanisms through which the AsA-GSH cycle affects the balance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cellular environment of plants. This study offers useful information on the tolerance and acclimatization of plants to high-temperature stress.

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The AsA–GSH Cycle: A Vital Line of Defense Against Heat Stress-Induced Oxidative Damage in Plants

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Gholamreza Abdi,
  • Anilava Chatterjee,
  • Md Sabir Ahmed Mondol,
  • Ubaida Akbar,
  • Aritra Mukherjee,
  • Tadela Susmitha

摘要

The Ascorbate–Glutathione (AsA–GSH) cycle plays a critical role in plant defense against oxidative damage from stress conditions of high temperature. Excess generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the form of superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals can cause extensive damage to cellular macromolecules. The cycle above utilizes key antioxidants such as glutathione (GSH) and ascorbate (AsA) and enzymes such as dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), glutathione reductase (GR), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). The ascorbate molecule plays the role of a direct reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger, whereas the enzyme APX, along with ascorbate, catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide to water. Restoration of the active form of ascorbate (DHA) involves the utilization of DHAR to reduce it to its reduced form from its oxidized form, along with oxidized GSH (GSSG), which is again reduced to its reduced form by the enzyme GR. Ongoing replenishment of active antioxidants is essential to ensure effective defense against reactive oxygen species (ROS), particularly in the case of prolonged exposure to high-temperature stress. Interestingly, however, it has been determined that the activity of these enzymes can be affected by heat stress, which has the potential to shift the dynamics of the AsA-GSH cycle. The current chapter explains the mechanisms through which the AsA-GSH cycle affects the balance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cellular environment of plants. This study offers useful information on the tolerance and acclimatization of plants to high-temperature stress.