In the current new media era characterized by informatization and intelligence, the struggle in the cognitive domain among major powers has become increasingly fierce. Diffusing persuasive information in cyberspace has emerged as a crucial means of such struggle, with social media gradually becoming the main battlefield. From the perspective of communication behavior science, this paper investigates the main influencing factors of persuasive information diffusion in cyberspace. Through online surveys and empirical analysis, the practicality and effectiveness of these influencing factors are verified and optimized. The research results not only contribute to understanding the laws of persuasive information diffusion but also provide a scientific basis for public opinion governance and media propaganda.