This paper focuses on the driving factors of digital transformation in the logistics industry, analyzing the influence mechanisms of internal and external motivations on transformation to provide theoretical guidance for industry practices. Through literature analysis and empirical research, a fixed-effects model is constructed to validate the effects of variables such as technological innovation, policy support, and market competition on digital transformation. The study finds that internal motivations mainly include cost optimization pressures and demands for efficiency improvement, while external motivations encompass policy support, market competition pressures, technological innovation, and upgraded customer needs. This research offers a multi-dimensional perspective for digital transformation in logistics enterprises, suggesting that companies can integrate internal and external advantages to dynamically adjust technological investment and organizational change strategies, thereby adapting to industry competition and policy environmental changes.