The development of sensitive, selective, and rapid biosensing technologies is crucial for early disease diagnosis, environmental monitoring and food safety. Cationic conjugated polymers (CCPs) and Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET)-based biosensors have emerged as promising tools for detecting biomolecules and pathogens. CCPs offer enhanced sensitivity, stability and signal amplification, while FRET enables precise control over energy transfer, allowing for highly sensitive and specific detection of pathogens. The integration of CCPs and FRET enables the creation of ultrasensitive, real-time biosensors for various applications, including point-of-care diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and biomedical research. This technology has the potential to revolutionize biosensing, enabling rapid, accurate and cost-effective detection of biomolecules and pathogens, ultimately leading to improved human health and safety. The current literature survey shows the importance of CCP-Quantum Dots (QD)-FRET-based biosensors in medical diagnostics and public health. This short review presents recent advances in CCP and FRET-based biosensors for pathogen detection and subsequent disinfection.