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The renovation of rural buildings, especially in cold climate areas with high heating demand, is an important but often overlooked aspect in decarbonization pathway. The viability of adopting mechanical ventilation and heating electrification in such contexts remains uncertain. This study evaluated the economic and environmental performance of standard-based and customized renovation strategies for a typical rural house in Harbin. Renovation scenarios with varying intervention levels were examined, ranging from individual ventilation upgrades to holistic packages integrating envelope, ventilation, and electrified heating. Building energy performance was simulated using IDA ICE, and optimal solutions were identified through multi-objective optimization targeting life-cycle costs and CO2 emissions. Results indicate that mechanical ventilation increases heating demand if not paired with envelope upgrades, while customized renovations outperform standard ones. The optimal case, which combines an air-to-water heat pump, PV, envelope and ventilation upgrades, reduces life-cycle costs by 11% and emissions by 80% compared to pre-renovation baseline. These findings offer simulation-based insights to guide cost-effective, low-carbon rural renovations in cold areas.

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Are Heating Electrification and Mechanical Ventilation Viable Approaches for Cold Climate Rural Buildings?

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Xinyi Hu,
  • Juha Jokisalo,
  • Risto Kosonen,
  • Matti Lehtonen

摘要

The renovation of rural buildings, especially in cold climate areas with high heating demand, is an important but often overlooked aspect in decarbonization pathway. The viability of adopting mechanical ventilation and heating electrification in such contexts remains uncertain. This study evaluated the economic and environmental performance of standard-based and customized renovation strategies for a typical rural house in Harbin. Renovation scenarios with varying intervention levels were examined, ranging from individual ventilation upgrades to holistic packages integrating envelope, ventilation, and electrified heating. Building energy performance was simulated using IDA ICE, and optimal solutions were identified through multi-objective optimization targeting life-cycle costs and CO2 emissions. Results indicate that mechanical ventilation increases heating demand if not paired with envelope upgrades, while customized renovations outperform standard ones. The optimal case, which combines an air-to-water heat pump, PV, envelope and ventilation upgrades, reduces life-cycle costs by 11% and emissions by 80% compared to pre-renovation baseline. These findings offer simulation-based insights to guide cost-effective, low-carbon rural renovations in cold areas.