This project studies the coupling of solar photovoltaic-thermal PV/T components with air source heat pump for combined heat and power supply system. On the basis of improving the efficiency of solar photovoltaic power generation, it effectively utilizes the solar thermal energy resources. The team built this combined heat and power supply system in Fuzhou City and conducted experiments. The results show that when the light intensity reaches saturation, the maximum power generation of the PV/T component is 0.42 kW. The power generation efficiency of the PV/T system ranged from 12.19% to 16.35%, with an average of 15.16%. The average thermal efficiency of the PV/T system is 21.58%. This system significantly reduces the surface temperature of the photovoltaic module plates. The best water volume for the system’s water tank is 450 L. This system is best suited for 32 PV/T panels, with an average COP of 5.36. This system was compared with PV/T-ASHP (air source heat pump) in cold regions. The average COP increased by 2.89. After applying the enhanced vapor injection in cold regions, the average COP rose to 3.86. When using soil-source heat pumps in cold regions, the system’s average COP is 4.62, which demonstrates significant advantages. This system can effectively achieve combined heat and power supply, and has considerable economic and environmental benefits, providing reference for the low-carbon and energy-saving operation of buildings.