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Small Modular Reactors (SMRs), exemplified by China’s third-generation ACP100 design, integrate advanced safety features such as passive residual heat removal (PRHRS) and safety injection systems. A Station Blackout (SBO)—loss of offsite power, turbine trip, and emergency AC power failure—can escalate into severe accidents like core meltdown. This study evaluates the ACP100’s response to an SBO combined with PRHRS failure, focusing on the timing of squib valve activation to mitigate primary circuit pressure and replenish coolant. Using severe accident analysis software, variations in maximum cladding temperature were assessed with 1200 K as the failure threshold. Key findings: (1) Squib valve opening rapidly reduces cladding temperature by restoring coolant inventory; (2) Premature valve activation worsens accident severity; (3) Delayed valve opening (before cladding reaches 1200 K) prolongs temperature rise and better preserves cladding integrity. These insights highlight the critical balance between early intervention and delayed valve operation to optimize accident mitigation in SMRs.

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Study on the Impact of Squib Valve Opening Time on Maximum Temperature of Cladding During a SBO Accident in the ACP100

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Yujian Wang,
  • Haoli Wang,
  • Shihao Wu,
  • Yapei Zhang,
  • Wenxi Tian,
  • Suizheng Qiu,
  • G. H. Su

摘要

Small Modular Reactors (SMRs), exemplified by China’s third-generation ACP100 design, integrate advanced safety features such as passive residual heat removal (PRHRS) and safety injection systems. A Station Blackout (SBO)—loss of offsite power, turbine trip, and emergency AC power failure—can escalate into severe accidents like core meltdown. This study evaluates the ACP100’s response to an SBO combined with PRHRS failure, focusing on the timing of squib valve activation to mitigate primary circuit pressure and replenish coolant. Using severe accident analysis software, variations in maximum cladding temperature were assessed with 1200 K as the failure threshold. Key findings: (1) Squib valve opening rapidly reduces cladding temperature by restoring coolant inventory; (2) Premature valve activation worsens accident severity; (3) Delayed valve opening (before cladding reaches 1200 K) prolongs temperature rise and better preserves cladding integrity. These insights highlight the critical balance between early intervention and delayed valve operation to optimize accident mitigation in SMRs.