The competition of international technical standards represents an extension of the current competition among major powers. Under such circumstances, in recent years, the world's major economies have successively issued or updated their standardization strategies. Meanwhile, nuclear energy is an important option for optimizing the energy structure, reducing environmental pollution, and achieving the goal of “net zero emissions”. Consequently, international standardization in the nuclear field has been receiving continuous attention. This paper comprehensively takes into account historical and realistic factors. Through case analysis and comparative study, it dissects the causes and driving forces of the current international competition in technical standards, and clarifies the Propelling factors as well as the constraining factors. Taking China, the United States and Europe as representatives, this research investigates and sorts out the strategies and policies related to standardization, explores the implicit logic and intentions behind them, and elaborates on the potential impacts of such standard competition on international standardization in the nuclear field. On this basis, this paper analyzes the current situation and characteristics of international standardization in the nuclear field, contemplates the problems and challenges faced, and in light of the actual environment of international technical standard competition and the future trends of nuclear industry development, provides recommendations on how to further promote international standardization in the nuclear field in the future.