Establishing and improving the regulations and standards system in the field of nuclear energy serves as a crucial task for nuclear safety supervision. As a neighbor of China, Japan has been in operation for more than 60 years since the first nuclear power plant started operation in 1963. Japan possesses extensive experience in both nuclear power plant operations and the formulation of regulations and standards. In 2011, the Fukushima nuclear power plant in Japan suffered a nuclear accident that was triggered by a magnitude-9.0 earthquake and subsequent tsunami, leading to a severe nuclear crisis and the release of radioactive materials. shocked the whole world. It is necessary to study Japan's nuclear power standard system related to nuclear safety, objectively evaluate Japan's good practices and differences with China, in the development and revision of standards in the nuclear energy field, and clarify the cooperation mechanism between Japan's relevant standardization organizations and nuclear safety regulatory agencies. This can bring important inspiration to China's nuclear safety standardization work. Based on the research on the development of Japan's nuclear power industry in recent years, this paper focuses on the regulatory and review framework of Japan's nuclear power industry, examining the pertinent aspects of its standard system, including the formulation and revision of standards, and analyzes Japan's current progress, strengths, and weaknesses in this domain. Furthermore, this paper compares and analyzes the procedural adjustments and enhancements implemented by the government's nuclear safety regulatory authorities and standardization agencies before and after the Fukushima nuclear accident. Drawing on Japan's experience in nuclear safety regulation and standard formulation and revision, the paper highlights its implications for China's nuclear safety standardization efforts, and offers insights and recommendations for future work in this field.