The trend of Intelligent is the inevitable direction of future social development. AIoT is based on computer technology that combines the sensing network of the Internet of Things and the data processing technology of artificial intelligence to realise the data-enabled and smart-connectedness of everything. With the continuous maturity and application promotion of AIoT technology, it will bring unprecedented changes to the field of nuclear security. This article explores the current applications, development trends, and challenges faced by AIoT in nuclear security by introducing its background technology, and proposes some solutions and strategies to better cope with the new challenges posed by nuclear security in the new situation.