From the perspective of social governance, poverty alleviation is a component whose basic goal and function lie in supporting impoverished populations to overcome “the Matthew effect” [of cumulative advantage] caused by social stratification, thereby facilitating good governance. In the development and governance of Chinese society since the 1980s, state power has played an indispensable role in confronting the challenges of poverty alleviation—particularly when it comes to improving the efficiency of resource utilization. For instance, scholars long engaged in related work and research have found that the deviation of funds from the goals of poverty alleviation often derive from the problem of “elite capture” (Xing 邢成举 & Li 李小云, 2013). In addition, phenomena such as “the tragedy of the commons,” the concentration of resources in large cities and enterprises (垒大户), and the insufficiency of oversight have become the focus in recent research on poverty alleviation (Zhu 朱晓阳, 2004b; Wang 王卓, 2007; Jiang 姜爱华, 2007; Huang 黄万华 & Chen 陈翥, 2013). For all these reasons, the major national strategy of Targeted Poverty Alleviation (精准扶贫) has been pushed to the forefront.