The relationship between self and other has been a focal point across many fields of the contemporary humanities and social sciences. Anthropology, known for its emphasis on the perspective of the other, has developed numerous methodologies over more than a century of exploration to overcome ethnocentrism. Partly because of this, intersecting fields of study—such as political studies, economics, religion, tourism, industry, finance, sports, and even literature—have established connections with anthropology, and their methodologies have overlapped to varying degrees. Among these, ethnography has gained widespread attention as a common mode of presentation for anthropological research methods. However, anthropology itself has undergone serious crises concerning methodology. Despite numerous anthropologists’ efforts at methodological innovation in a bid to resolve such problems, it is still difficult to claim that universally accepted solutions have been achieved. In this chapter, we will briefly review the historical and current dynamics of these problems, using selected ethnographic works as examples. We will also offer some critical reflections, hoping to spark further discussion and contribute to methodological exploration in anthropology, particularly in ethnography.