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To address the common issues of limited takeoff weight, low efficiency, and difficult mode switching in vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) aircraft, a composite rotor-disk VTOL aircraft is proposed.First, the three rotors are arranged at the outer edges of the disk.The counter-torques generated by the rotors, rotating in the same direction, combine to induce the self-rotation of the disk.This self-rotation, in turn, drives the orbital motion of the rotors, achieving counter-torque self-balancing and enhancing lift.The disk is connected to the fuselage by a motor, preventing the transmission of self-rotation to the fuselage.Next, an aerodynamic model is developed to analyze the effects of composite rotation on aerodynamic performance through theoretical derivations.Following this, a dynamic model is created, and a cyclic velocity control system is designed.By applying differential speed control to the three rotors, pitch and roll moments are generated, while yaw control of the aircraft is achieved through motor acceleration and deceleration.Finally, simulations are conducted to further validate the aircraft's feasibility and performance. Using numerical simulation and experimental validation, the results show that the compound rotor-disk design improves the flow field distribution and increases the aerodynamic lift by about 27.88% compared with conventional rotors The control system exhibits stable power output and control performance across different flight modes. The rotor-disk composite aircraft offers improved controllability and outperforms conventional designs in terms of aerodynamic efficiency, takeoff weight, noise and safety, providing an effective and safe technological solution for urban air mobility.

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Conceptual Design Research on Rotor-Disk Compound Aircraft

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Yuanyuan Jiang,
  • Xianghua Jiang,
  • Zebo Li,
  • Yinke Lai,
  • Jieping Li,
  • Ruoxi Peng,
  • Shuangqi Liu

摘要

To address the common issues of limited takeoff weight, low efficiency, and difficult mode switching in vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) aircraft, a composite rotor-disk VTOL aircraft is proposed.First, the three rotors are arranged at the outer edges of the disk.The counter-torques generated by the rotors, rotating in the same direction, combine to induce the self-rotation of the disk.This self-rotation, in turn, drives the orbital motion of the rotors, achieving counter-torque self-balancing and enhancing lift.The disk is connected to the fuselage by a motor, preventing the transmission of self-rotation to the fuselage.Next, an aerodynamic model is developed to analyze the effects of composite rotation on aerodynamic performance through theoretical derivations.Following this, a dynamic model is created, and a cyclic velocity control system is designed.By applying differential speed control to the three rotors, pitch and roll moments are generated, while yaw control of the aircraft is achieved through motor acceleration and deceleration.Finally, simulations are conducted to further validate the aircraft's feasibility and performance. Using numerical simulation and experimental validation, the results show that the compound rotor-disk design improves the flow field distribution and increases the aerodynamic lift by about 27.88% compared with conventional rotors The control system exhibits stable power output and control performance across different flight modes. The rotor-disk composite aircraft offers improved controllability and outperforms conventional designs in terms of aerodynamic efficiency, takeoff weight, noise and safety, providing an effective and safe technological solution for urban air mobility.