The ability to read fluently with good understanding is a defining feature of proficient readers. Differences in reading fluency often distinguish proficient readers from struggling ones. Low reading fluency also impedes the progress of less skilled readers towards becoming confident and competent readers. It is thus important for educators to be familiar with the concept of reading fluency and how to develop targeted strategies. By reviewing contemporary research, this chapter first introduces the theoretical foundations of reading fluency, explains its importance, and then explores the developmental stages of reading fluency. It concludes with some suggested teaching methods and support strategies.