Waste management is one of the serious problems resulting from industrial expansion globally, which is placing tremendous pressure on the Earth’s ecosystem and natural resources. According to recent reports, India generates 157,000 tonnes of solid waste per day, from which only 20% is recycled and 80% is disposed of inappropriately into landfills. There is a need to recycle waste to promote a circular economy and protect the environment. Where today’s economy is linear and “reduces and recycles and recovers,” a circular economy seeks to eliminate the need for the disposal of products after use by the consumer. The circular economy extends the life of resources as far as possible, deriving as much value as possible from them in a way that directly benefits both the economy and society. This chapter discusses some of the barriers and prospects for more sustainable waste management in a circular economy and briefly introduces the concepts of reuse, recycling and resource recovery. This also highlights the economic and environmental considerations, including the impact of policy, regulation, and communities, in making the circular economy a reality.