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Defence clothing provides a scalable survival capability for soldiers from mild to extremely cold, life-threatening environmental conditions. Cold weather clothing assembly is manufactured using at least four main layers: wind resistance material, water resistance material, evaporative resistance material and thermal insulation material. The thermal insulation layer in the clothing, one of the most important layers, resists heat transfer and is usually expressed in units of clo. The insulation value mainly depends on fibre fineness, the thickness of the material, the ability of clothing to trap air and its drying ability. Fibrous thermal insulation layers retain the still air in their porous and hollow structure to offer effective thermal insulation property. The air is trapped on the surfaces of fibres and in the interstices between them. Defence forces need lightweight and compact insulation, so the efficiency of thermal insulation material is much more important. Presently, polyester-based microfibres, hollow polyester fibres and goose down are mainly used for manufacturing thermal layers of extreme cold-climate clothing like sleeping bags and jackets. In this study, weed fibres have been identified and analysed for fineness, density and hollowness properties. The study revealed that this fibre is 2.5 micronaire fine. The fibre density and hollowness are 0.89 g/cm3 and 20 to 30%, respectively. After modification of the surface of this fibre, it was converted to nonwoven fabric samples of different thicknesses and areal densities. Milkweed floss (fibre) and polyester fibre were blended and converted into five nonwoven fabrics, keeping thickness and areal density constant. These nonwoven fabric samples were compared for thermal resistance (Rct) property with the commercially available polyester nonwoven fabric of similar thicknesses and areal densities. Out of the developed blends, a suitable blend of milkweed and polyester fibre was selected based on thermal insulation value and areal density as per the defence specification for making extreme cold-climate clothing (sleeping bags and jackets) in industrial trials.

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Developing Lightweight, Extreme Cold-Climate Clothing Using High clo Value Weed Fibres

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • M. S. Parmar,
  • Preeti Kaur Sachdeva,
  • Nidhi Sisodia

摘要

Defence clothing provides a scalable survival capability for soldiers from mild to extremely cold, life-threatening environmental conditions. Cold weather clothing assembly is manufactured using at least four main layers: wind resistance material, water resistance material, evaporative resistance material and thermal insulation material. The thermal insulation layer in the clothing, one of the most important layers, resists heat transfer and is usually expressed in units of clo. The insulation value mainly depends on fibre fineness, the thickness of the material, the ability of clothing to trap air and its drying ability. Fibrous thermal insulation layers retain the still air in their porous and hollow structure to offer effective thermal insulation property. The air is trapped on the surfaces of fibres and in the interstices between them. Defence forces need lightweight and compact insulation, so the efficiency of thermal insulation material is much more important. Presently, polyester-based microfibres, hollow polyester fibres and goose down are mainly used for manufacturing thermal layers of extreme cold-climate clothing like sleeping bags and jackets. In this study, weed fibres have been identified and analysed for fineness, density and hollowness properties. The study revealed that this fibre is 2.5 micronaire fine. The fibre density and hollowness are 0.89 g/cm3 and 20 to 30%, respectively. After modification of the surface of this fibre, it was converted to nonwoven fabric samples of different thicknesses and areal densities. Milkweed floss (fibre) and polyester fibre were blended and converted into five nonwoven fabrics, keeping thickness and areal density constant. These nonwoven fabric samples were compared for thermal resistance (Rct) property with the commercially available polyester nonwoven fabric of similar thicknesses and areal densities. Out of the developed blends, a suitable blend of milkweed and polyester fibre was selected based on thermal insulation value and areal density as per the defence specification for making extreme cold-climate clothing (sleeping bags and jackets) in industrial trials.