Three-Dimensional (3D) Printed Supercapacitor
摘要
Materials science production and processing advancements have advanced electrochemical energy storage devices, including batteries and supercapacitors. There is significant progress in developing advanced materials for these applications; however, less attention has been received for electrode and device manufacturing. Traditionally, electrodes are prepared via slurry drop-casting of electrochemically active material. Advanced manufacturing techniques such as three-dimensional (3D) printing enable the patterning of the electrode with complex architectures and controlled geometries. 3D printing of supercapacitors was reported for different materials, including carbon nanomaterials, metal oxides, MXene, conductive polymers (CPs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs), and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), offering interdigital architectures and higher surface area accessibility with excellent ion transport. 3D printing of electroactive materials for supercapacitors offers prototyping that can shorten the time for the materials marketing for reducing costs with high complexity and suitable specific capacitance.