Glass fiber reinforced plastics (GFRP) are favored in the aerospace and aviation industries as key structural and surface coating materials due to their cost-effectiveness, good durability, heat resistance, and excellent processing capabilities. The application of GFRP not only helps reduce the structural weight of aircraft and rockets but also plays a crucial role in improving the performance and service life of aircraft engines. However, over time, the coating on the GFRP surface may degrade or become damaged, necessitating effective cleaning and repair processes to maintain its performance. Therefore, more practical, green, non-destructive, and low-cost new cleaning technologies must be adopted to meet the specific cleaning sensitivity requirements of fiber-reinforced composite aircraft skins. Currently, research on laser cleaning of CFRP surface coatings has made some progress, while studies on laser cleaning of GFRP surface coatings are relatively limited, offering ample room for further exploration in this field.