Natural disasters such as forest fires, earthquakes and mudslides, pose significant threats to human health and safety year by year. Emergency communication plays a vital role in combating these disasters and has garnered significant attention in the past decades (Ding in Sci Rep 12:16782, 2022 [1]). These disaster-stricken areas typically have no communication capabilities: either occurring in remote, uninhabited mountainous-and-dense forests or having all local communication facilities destroyed by the disaster. For clarity, the mountainous forested terrain is taken as an example to elaborate the antenna requirements for emergency communication.