This chapter explores the resilience and evolution of the university spirit in China during the national crisis of 1937–1945, a period marked by Japanese aggression and Chinese resistance. The chapter highlights how the Kuomintang (KMT) government implemented the principle of “maintaining peacetime education in wartime” by relocating universities from coastal cities to inland areas, leading to the survival and growth of higher education. The number of universities increased significantly during this time. The chapter also examines the historical and cultural roots of the Chinese university spirit, its interaction with Euro-American university ideals, and its role in shaping modern Chinese education. The university spirit is described as a metaphysical essence, encompassing values, innovation, and cultural inheritance, which requires both preservation and recognition for its continuity.