Brain longevity is a multifaceted concept that involves maintaining cognitive function, resilience, and neural health despite aging. Aging leads to structural and functional changes in the brain, contributing to cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. However, emerging research highlights the role of autophagy, a natural cellular process, in mitigating these effects by removing damaged proteins and organelles, thus preserving neuronal health. Nutraceuticals such as resveratrol, curcumin, omega-3 fatty acids, and polyphenols have demonstrated potential in enhancing autophagy and promoting neuroprotection. Additionally, lifestyle modifications, including intermittent fasting (IF), exercise, stress management, and quality sleep, further support cognitive longevity by modulating neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. The integration of these interventions offers a holistic strategy for sustaining brain function, delaying neurodegeneration, and improving quality of life. Future research should focus on personalized approaches, leveraging genetic and technological advancements to optimize cognitive health. By prioritizing brain longevity through diet, lifestyle, and autophagy-enhancing strategies, individuals can enhance mental clarity and overall well-being as they age.