Aonla (Indian gooseberry) is a popular fruit crop since time immemorial. As per the ancient Indian mythology, it was the first fruit crop grown on the Earth. It is said to be a cure for deadly diseases due to its high nutritional values. It is also a storehouse of different biologically active substances that have different health benefits. Nearly every part of aonla tree viz. roots, bark, leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds is used in Ayurvedic and Unani medicine for improving the digestive process, lowering fever and providing relieve against cough and asthma. It is also helpful for the purification of blood and increases the immunity against heart disease, and many more. The abundant polyphenol and ascorbic acid (vitamin C) present in mature aonla fruit contribute significantly to improving the antioxidant activity of the fruit. The anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperlipidaemia, antidiabetic, and neurological protective properties are the additional health advantages for daily consumptions of anola fruits. Its distinctive qualities, which are attributed to its bioactive constituents, have expanded the potential applications for improving human nutrition and health on a global scale. Therefore, the purpose of writing this chapter is to present important information by highlighting the nutritional features, health-promoting benefits as well as its other uses.