The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a set of seventeen broad goals outlined by the United Nations with the aim of promoting inclusive human development and prosperity while safeguarding the environment. India has adopted the SDGs and integrated them into its broader goal of achieving the status of a developed nation (Viksit Bharat) by the year 2047. Over the past decade, the Indian government has launched several programmes and initiatives aimed at attaining specific SDGs, and some of these already include mental health goals. Despite the challenges involved in integrating mental health with broader human development in a country as large and diverse as India, many facets of these programmes have the potential to address the socioeconomic determinants of mental health, as identified through Indian social psychiatry research. This chapter provides an overview of Indian research linking sustainable development and mental health, as well as an overview of India’s SDG-related policies. It also examines and discusses how governmental, private sector, professional and community actors can work together to achieve a synergy between mental health and sustainable development in the Indian context.