This paper studies the characteristics and risks of island nuclear power projects through the literature method, expert research method, comparative analysis method, etc. It obtains a list of 18 risks of island projects, including island ownership risk, availability risk, natural risk, and so on. Five risk parameters, namely manageability, controllability, island exclusivity, site decisiveness, and extreme results, are used to establish a risk assessment parameter model applicable to Sea Island nuclear power plant sites, and the risks in the risk list are ranked. Among them, the risk of availability, the risk of construction cost, the risk of general plan design, the risk of value assessment, the risk of land acquisition cost, the risk of schedule, the risk of island exclusivity, and the risk of construction design should be further strengthened to manage the risks. The above risks should be used as site selection indicators.