The aquatic environment, water resources, and human health face a significant threat from water pollution. To address this issue effectively, comprehensive, dynamic, and precise monitoring of water quality is essential. Remote sensing technologies are commonly utilized for gathering water quality data due to their temporal and spatial advantages. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), multispectral sensors, and hyperspectral sensors have all enhanced data access and retrieval techniques, which have significantly boosted remote sensing potential for water quality monitoring. This chapter explores the application of remote sensing to water quality evaluation, emphasizing novel developments in data sources and retrieval methods. This chapter discusses methods for retrieving water quality measurements, including total suspended solids (TSM), chlorophyll-a (Chl-a), colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP). The chapter additionally examines key concerns with atmospheric correction, remote sensing data resolution, and the applicability of retrieval models across spatial, temporal, and water complexity domains. Potential solutions to these challenges are proposed. This chapter may serve as a comprehensive reference for upcoming innovations and research in water quality evaluation.