During the 2025 National People’s Congress, AI education in primary and secondary schools became a hot topic among many committee members and representatives. This article conducts an in-depth analysis from the perspectives of “hot” and “cold”. “Hot” is reflected in the high attention and strong enthusiasm of all sectors of society for AI education in primary and secondary schools, while “cold” is reflected in the risks, challenges and constraints faced in promoting AI education in primary and secondary schools. By analyzing the current development status, challenges and future development direction of AI education in primary and secondary schools, this article aims to provide a reference for promoting the healthy development of AI education in primary and secondary schools.