Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common pediatric disease and imaging plays a central role in evaluating renal involvement, detecting structural abnormalities, and identifying complications. Ultrasonography serves as the first-line modality, while CT and MRI provide detailed assessment of renal parenchymal infection and complications. Voiding cystourethrography remains essential for diagnosing vesicoureteral reflux. Understanding age-specific pathophysiology and characteristic imaging findings enables accurate diagnosis and optimal management of pediatric urinary tract infections and related anomalies.