Nonvascular Interventions of the Urinary Tract
摘要
Nonvascular interventions of the urinary tract comprise a wide range of techniques, including percutaneous nephrostomy, percutaneous nephrostolithotomy, percutaneous dilatation of the urinary tract, percutaneous catheter drainage, suprapubic cystostomy, percutaneous foreign body retrieval, sclerotherapy, tumor ablations, and biopsies. With advances in imaging technologies and percutaneous instruments, percutaneous procedures under image-guidance have become a well-established field of interventional radiology, which allows the ability to treat various diseases in nonsurgical candidates, to avoid invasive open surgery, to reduce morbidity and mortality and therefore, shorter hospital stay with economic savings and the same effectiveness as open surgery. In this chapter, various kinds of image-guided, nonvascular interventional techniques widely performed in genitourinary tract are described to give you basic understanding on the procedures, indications, and techniques.