O-PIRTAS Flipped Classroom Model: A Study of Its Application in Chinese Higher Education
摘要
This chapter presents an in-depth exploration of the O-PIRTAS flipped classroom teaching model, a comprehensive framework developed to enhance teaching effectiveness in higher education. It begins by outlining the evolution of flipped classroom models, distinguishing among traditional, operational, flipped, and integrated variations, and identifying the challenges of feasibility and generalizability in their application. The chapter then introduces the O-PIRTAS model, which encompasses seven key phases: Objectives, Preparation, Instructional Video, Review, Test, Activity, and Summary. Each phase is meticulously detailed, showing how the model shifts lower-level learning outside the classroom and dedicates class time to deeper, higher-order objectives. The application of the O-PIRTAS model in Chinese higher education is highlighted, with case studies from Xiamen University and over a hundred other institutions showcasing its impact. The chapter emphasizes the model’s flexibility, operability, and theoretical foundation, supported by various educational theories. It concludes by underscoring the importance of developing a universal model for flipped classrooms to support the broader “classroom revolution” in China and beyond, demonstrating how the O-PIRTAS model serves as an effective framework for curriculum reform and pedagogical innovation.