Under extreme service conditions such as high temperatures and pressures, composite laminate plates can experience internal damage, including matrix cracking, fiber fracture, and interface debonding. These subtle internal damages may reduce the residual strength of the laminate and even compromise its structural integrity, posing potential safety hazards. This paper adopts the Ti and Yuan (Sci Technol Wind 35:183–184, 2020) failure criterion as a progressive damage criterion for composite laminates and conducts a numerical analysis of their progressive damage (Liu et al., Appl Math Mech 45(9):1557–1572, 2024). The damage initiation and propagation of composite laminates with circular holes are thoroughly discussed. This is then extended to study laminates with elliptical holes. A parametric model for elliptical hole laminates is developed, and the automation of post-processing results is implemented. By extracting model and simulation data, a simulation result database is established, enabling the prediction of damage in composite laminates with elliptical holes.